Using Recycled materials in New Vehicles

 

 

Context :

Govt may mandate 20% recycled materials in auto manufacturing from 2026-27  .. BS  / 02 Aug 2023

Extract :

The latest government regulation is likely to make it compulsory for automobile manufacturers to use 20 per cent recycled materials out of the total weight of metals they need from 2026-27 onwards, The Economic Times (ET) has reported citing Extended Production Responsibility (EPR) rules being prepared by the government.

 

As a part of this regulation, the quantum of recycled materials to be used will be increased progressively as more vehicle scrapping centres become operational.

A senior government official aware of the developments told ET, " Vehicle manufacturers need to be held liable for the scrap that is generated once a vehicle reaches end-of-life." The official added that discussions about the plan are in the early stages and consultations are still underway.

 

Under the plan, at least 20 per cent by weight of the material being used to make vehicles need to be recycled from 2026-27. This quantum will be kept unchanged until 2027-28 and will be increased to 30 per cent for 2028-29 and 2029-30.

The mandate will be on using a minimum percentage of recycled materials in new production, the report said.

 

An industry expert was quoted in the report as saying, " Some 10 million vehicles reach end-of-life stage every year. The number of scrapping centres in the country will need to be commensurate with this demand." Furthermore, the expert said that the plan under consideration will be very difficult to implement with the current levels of infrastructure. Operationalisation of vehicle scrapping units and automated testing centres remains key to the success of this plan.

 

As things stand, there are a total of 31 registered vehicle scrapping facilities (RVSF) that have received approval and are operational. Another 29 units have been categorised as 'approved only' by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, the report added.

 

My  Take :

 

Vehicle Scrapping Centres : Interest Plenty / Action Scanty  ….  29 June 2023

 

Highlights :

#   The country requires a minimum 1,500-2,000 scrappage centres.

#  Between January 2022 and January 2023, a total of 5,359 private and 67

    commercial vehicles have been scrapped at Registered Vehicle Scrapping

    Facilities (RVSFs).

 

 

Quoting BARD

 

[ A ]  Steel required / car :

The average Indian car uses about 650 kilograms of steel in its construction.

This is about 65% of the total weight of the car. Steel is used in a variety of parts of the car, including the body, chassis, and engine. It is a strong and durable material that is well-suited for use in cars.

[ B ]  Amount of Steel that can be recycled :

·        According to the Steel Recycling Institute, about 75% of the steel in an average car can be recycled. This means that an average Indian car can be recycled to produce about 487.5 kilograms of steel.

·         

[ C ]  How many cars are likely to get manufactured in 2026-27 ?

Based on the data of actual numbers of cars produced by the Indian auto industry in the past 3 years, the projected number of cars that might get manufactured in 2026-27 is:

Year | Cars produced (in millions)

------- | --------

 

2022-23 | 3.89

 

2023-24 | 4.26

 

2024-25 | 4.65

 

2025-26 | 5.07

 

2026-27 | 5.52

 

[ D ]  How much steel will be required to manufacture 5.52 million cars in 2026-

         27 ?

If the average Indian car uses 650 kilograms of steel in its construction, then 5.52 million cars will require 3588000000 kilograms of steel. This is equivalent to 3.6 million tonnes of steel.

 

 

 [ E ]  If , in 2026-27 , 20 % of steel required must come from recycled , what

          quantity will that be ?

         20 % of 3.6 million tons  = 0.72 million tons

 

[ F ]  If we can recover only 487.5 kg of steel from one car , then in order to get

         0.72 million tons of Recycled steel , how many cars will need to be

         scrapped in 2026-27 ?

          

If we can recover only 487.5 kg of steel from one car, then in order to get 0.72

million tons of recycled steel, we will need to scrap 1.47 million cars.

[ G ]   India has today only 31 vehicle scrapping units . can you guess how many

          we might have by 2026-27 ?

       

There are currently only 31 vehicle scrapping units in India. However, the

government has set a target of having 1000 such units by 2026-27

 

[ H ]  Even if we take the higher projected number of 1,000 vehicle scrapping

         units to come up by 2026-27 , how many cars can these recycle in a year ?

         

If we take the higher projected number of 1,000 vehicle scrapping units to come

up by 2026-27, these can recycle a total of 730,000 cars in a year.

Here is the calculation:

Number of vehicle scrapping units = 1000

Average number of cars recycled per unit per day = 2

Number of cars recycled per unit per year = 2 * 365 = 730

Total number of cars recycled by 1000 units = 1000 * 730 = 730000

 

[ I ]  What will be the total population of cars in India by 2026-27 ?

 

According to the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM), the total population of cars in India is expected to reach 55.2 million by 2026-27. This is an increase of 46% from the 38.9 million cars in India in 2022-23.

[ J ]  Of this expected population of 55.2 million cars , how many might have

        reached " End of life " and will need scrapping ?

       

The average lifespan of a car in India is 15 years. So, of the 55.2 million cars in

 India by 2026-27, about 36.8 million cars (55.2 x 0.24) might have reached

 End of Life (EOL) and will need scrapping.

================================================

[ K ]  Considering that in the past 3 years only 31 units have come up ( and not

         all of these operational ) , what is the probability of 1000 vehicle scrapping

         units coming up and becoming operational by 2026-27 ?

 

        The probability of 1000 vehicle scrapping units coming up and becoming

        operational by 2026-27 is low.

In the past 3 years, only 31 vehicle scrapping units have come up. This is an

average of 10 units per year. To achieve the target of 1000 units by 2026-27,

 the number of units that need to be set up each year is 333. This is a significant

 increase from the current rate of installation.

There are a number of factors that could make it difficult to achieve the target of

 1000 units by 2026-27. These include:

·        The high cost of setting up a vehicle scrapping unit:

·        The cost of setting up a vehicle scrapping unit is estimated to be around INR 10 crores. This is a significant investment for most businesses.

·        The lack of awareness about vehicle scrapping:

·        Many people are not aware of the benefits of scrapping their old cars. This could make it difficult to attract customers to vehicle scrapping units.

·        The lack of government support:

·        The government has not provided any financial assistance for setting up vehicle scrapping units. This could make it difficult for businesses to set up these units.

 

[ L ]  Government of India is proposing to introduce Extended Product

         Responsibility ( EPR ) rules , whereby  Indian Auto Industry would be obliged to use 20 % of its Steel required ( by 2026-27 ), from " Vehicle  Scrapping Units " of which, today , there are only 31 as against Govt's target of 1,000 units by 2026-27 .

        In light of this, do my suggestion in my following blog make any sense ? >

        https://myblogepage.blogspot.com/2020/12/alang-junkyard-scrapyard-

        saveyard.html?zx=b28bdc73266eba31

 

Yes, your suggestion in your blog makes sense in light of the government's proposed EPR rules.

The rules will require the Indian auto industry to use 20% of its steel from vehicle scrapping units, but there are only 31 such units in operation today. This means that there will need to be a significant increase in the number of vehicle scrapping units in order to meet the government's target.

Your suggestion to use Alang as a hub for vehicle scrapping is a good one.

Alang is already a major hub for shipbreaking, and it has the infrastructure and expertise to handle large volumes of scrap metal. This would make it a natural location for vehicle scrapping units, and it would help to reduce the environmental impact of vehicle disposal.

In addition to your suggestion, there are a few other things that the government could do to help increase the number of vehicle scrapping units in India. These include providing financial incentives to set up such units, and simplifying the regulatory process for getting a license to operate a vehicle scrapping unit.

By taking these steps, the government can help to meet its EPR targets and reduce the environmental impact of vehicle disposal in India.

Here are some additional thoughts on your blog post:

·   You are right to point out that the government's EPR rules will have a significant impact on the Indian auto industry.

·   The rules will require the industry to make changes to its manufacturing process and its supply chain. This will be a challenge, but it is also an opportunity for the industry to become more sustainable.

·    You also raise the important issue of the environmental impact of vehicle disposal. When vehicles are not disposed of properly, they can release harmful pollutants into the environment. The government's EPR rules will help to reduce this environmental impact by ensuring that vehicles are scrapped in a safe and environmentally friendly manner.

·   Overall, your blog post is a thoughtful and insightful analysis of the

   government's EPR rules and their potential impact on the Indian auto industry and

   the environment.

·        I hope that the government will take your suggestions into

         consideration as it implements these rules.

 

With regards,

Hemen Parekh

www.hemenparekh.ai  /  13 Aug 2023

 

Earlier E-mails ( 25 ) :

 

2016 (3 )

Ø  PIYUSH PLAN ?                                         …………[ 27 Mar 2016 ]

Ø  Young or Old ?..................................................[ 27 Aug 2016 ]

Ø  From OLD to NEW ? No , go NEWER !.................. [ 22 Sept 2016 ]

 

2018 ( 7 )

Ø  Car Grave-Yard of World ? …………………………………………[ 14 Feb 2018 ]

Ø  One door closes ; Another opens …………………………….. [ 27 Feb 2018 ]

Ø  Mahindra Accelo : Saluting a pioneer………………………….[ 19 June 2018 ]

Ø  Scrapping Old Vehicles : Swiss Challenge Solution …..[ 24 July 2018 ]

Ø  Rename it , “ Vehicle Recycle Policy “ ………………………..[ 08 Aug 2018 ]

Ø  Better Late than Never !......................................... [ 01 Nov 2018 ]

Ø  Missing piece of Jigsaw Puzzle ? ………………………………….[ 15 Nov 2018 ]

 

2019 ( 1 )

Ø  FAME II > FAME III > FAME IV……………………………………. [ 05 Mar 2019 ]

 

2020 ( 4 )

Ø  I conceive , I conceive , I conceive !......................... [ 25 Feb 2020 ]

Ø  Dead on Arrival ? …………………………………………………………..[ 19 July 2020 ]

Ø  Alang : Junkyard ? Scrapyard ? SaveYard ?................ [ 12 Dec 2020 ]

        Sad : to be proven right  . …………………………………………………  20 Oct 2020

 

2021 ( 8 )

Ø  Never Give-up Nitin Gadkariji, …………………………………..  13 Aug 2021

Ø  Vehicle Fitness Test ? A 7 year wait ?......................... 19 Apr 2021

Ø  Blessing in Disguise ?  ………………………………………………….  21 Mar 2021

Ø  Vehicle Scrapping Policy : Most Questions Answered .. .18 Mar 2021

Ø  Vehicle Scrapping Policy  ………………………………………………  03 Feb 2021

Ø  Vehicle Scrapping : From Policy to Practice………………….. 11 Apr 2021

Ø  Vehicle Scrapping : Time to copy M&M ?....................  10 Apr 2021

Ø  Nitinbhai - Vehicle Manufacturers cannot ignore your advice.. 27 Mar 2021

 

 2022  ( 1 )

Ø  Nitin Gadkari : looks far into Future and dreams Big… 19 Sept 2022

2023 ( 1 )

Ø  India to become Vehicle Scrapping Hub ?.................... 02 Mar 2023

Ø  Alang Ship-breaking Yard : Breaking Hearts ?.............. 26 Apr 2023

 

 

At ( long ) last , voice of illiterate, will be heard

 

 

Dear Shri Shaktikanta Dasji,

 

Congratulations for this initiative for which I have waited for 7 years ( even

though I am unlikely to use it myself, being 90 + and confined to my home )

And allow me to add :

Even those millions of illiterate Indian Citizen who were “ not waiting “ ( in

absence of any idea about this possibility ), will thank you for making their lives

EASY / SIMPLE , by enabling them to make payments ( for their small purchases )

by just speaking

 

Context :

Soon, AI will let you make a UPI payment using voice  … Hindu  ….. 10 Aug 2023

 

Extract :

In a move to make United Payments Interface (UPI) more user-friendly and to increase its popularity, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has proposed incorporating Artificial Intelligence-powered conversational features on UPI, to enable digital payments through voice commands.

The RBI has also announced plans to enhance the transaction limit for small-value digital payments in offline mode from ₹200 to ₹500 with the overall limit being retained at ₹2,000 per payment instrument to contain the risks associated with relaxation of two-factor authentication.

“As AI is becoming increasingly integrated into the digital economy, conversational instructions hold immense potential in enhancing ease of use, and consequently reach, of the UPI system. It is, therefore, proposed to launch an innovative payment mode viz., ‘Conversational Payments’ on UPI,” RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das announced on Thursday.

This feature will enable users to engage in a conversation with an AI-powered system to “initiate and complete transactions in a safe and secure environment”. 

 “While payments through QR code are easy for everyone, the introduction of ‘ Conversational Payments ’ on UPI has the potential to take ease of payments to the next level. Those who find it difficult to navigate through a mobile application for making digital payments or want to save time, will now be able to execute UPI transactions with ease,” he added

This channel will be made available in both smartphone- and feature phone-based UPI channels, thereby helping in the deepening of digital payments’ penetration in the country. 

The facility will initially be available in Hindi and English and will subsequently be made available in more Indian languages. The RBI will soon issue instructions to its subsidiary, the National Payment Corporation of India (NPCI), which had developed the UPI system and now operates it.

He said Conversational Payments within the UPI framework would revolutionise the way users conduct transactions, harnessing the capabilities of advanced technologies such as AI. “It’s plausible that the payment process will involve leveraging a Chatbot. The transaction itself will unfold in real-time conversation between two participants: a chat operator and the payment facilitator,” he said.

“The chatbot will play a pivotal role by providing the user with a direct payment link or QR code. This mechanism will enable the user to execute the payment seamlessly during the on-going conversation,” Mr. Jain added.

“This AI-driven model ensures swift and secure transactions, safeguarding users within a consolidated environment. This will further enhance the user experience, offering a seamless, transparent, and highly convenient payment solution,” he added.

In yet another improvement to the UPI ecosystem and to promote UPI-Lite, an on-device wallet introduced in September 2022, the RBI is also planning to facilitate offline transaction using Near Field Communication (NFC) technology.

NFC is a set of communication protocols that enables communication between two electronic devices over a distance of 4 cm or less. 

“This feature will not only enable retail digital payments in situations where internet or telecom connectivity is weak or not available, it will also ensure speed with minimal transaction declines,” the RBI said adding it would soon issue instructions to NPCI on this front too.

UPI-Lite was introduced to increase the speed of small-value transactions on UPI and to optimise processing resources for banks, thereby reducing transaction failures. This product has now gained traction and currently records more than 10 million transactions a month. The facility for offline transaction is expected to increase the number of transactions manifold.

 

My Take :

 

Ø  How to go Cash - Less ?  …………………. 27 Nov 2016

 

Extract :

 

Dear Shri Amitabh :

 

Like you ( and of course , Shri Modiji ), I have a great faith in the ability of Indian

software engineers ( local or NRI ) to come up with revolutionary solutions /

innovations !

 

Just ask Sundar Pichai , Sam Pitroda , Satya Nadela , Sachin Katti , Pranav

Mistry , Sanjay Sarma , Nandan Nilekani etc , if they will help implement the

following :

 ==============================================

*  Buyer  buys something worth Rs 100 from a shopkeeper

 

*  Buyer and the Seller , look into their own mobile-cameras ( of  smart phones

   loaded with M-Rup ) for biometric Aadhar identification / linked to Jan Dhan a/c 

 

*  Seller speaks in his mobile : " Muze Sau Rupiah dedo "

 

*  Buyer speaks in his mobile : " Inko Sau Rupiah dedo "

 

*  Message flashes in the mobile screen of Seller : " Tumhare account-me Sau

    Rupiah Jamah ho gaya / GST bhi kaat ke Sarkar-ko bhej diya "

 

    

*  Message flashes in the mobile screen of Buyer : " Tumhare account-se , Sau

   Rupiah inko Bhej Diya . Abhi balance me teen sau sath rupiah bacha hai "

 

   ======================================

I request all concerned , not to insult our engineers / scientists / geeks , by

doubting if such SIMPLIFICATION ( based on day to day spoken language ) is

possible

 

Doubting Thomas may want to look up ... PILOT   

 

This is the only way rural India can bypass the Jurassic Age of Plastic Cards to

usher into a CASH-LESS society !

 

With regards,

Hemen Parekh

www.hemenparekh.ai  /  12 Aug 2023

==============================================

Here is how BARD compared the two methods :

Overall, both voice-based payments and conversational payments are convenient and contactless ways to make payments. However, voice-based payments with facial recognition are more secure, while conversational payments are easier to use.

Here is a more detailed comparison of the two payment methods:

• Authentication method: Voice-based payments using mobile phone-based facial recognition authenticates users by matching their voice to a pre-recorded voiceprint and their facial features to a pre-recorded facial image. This is the most secure form of voice-based payment, as it is very difficult to spoof both the voice and the facial features.

• Device requirements: Voice-based payments using mobile phone-based facial recognition require a smartphone with a voice assistant and a front-facing camera. This limits the availability of this payment method to people who own a compatible smartphone.

• Transaction limits: The transaction limit for voice-based payments using mobile phone-based facial recognition is up to INR 5,000 per transaction. This is a relatively high limit, making it suitable for most everyday purchases.

• Availability: Voice-based payments using mobile phone-based facial recognition is currently in limited testing. It is not yet available to the general public.

• Pros: Voice-based payments using mobile phone-based facial recognition are convenient, secure, and contactless. They can be used to make payments without having to touch any physical surfaces, which is ideal in the age of COVID-19. They are also very secure, as they use two different biometric factors to authenticate users.

• Cons: Voice-based payments using mobile phone-based facial recognition can be slow and cumbersome if the voice recognition is not accurate. This can be a problem if you are in a hurry to make a payment. Additionally, this payment method requires a compatible smartphone, which limits its availability.

• Authentication method: Conversational payments authenticate users by asking them a series of questions about their personal information. This information is then used to verify the user's identity. Conversational payments do not require any biometric data, such as a voiceprint or facial image.

• Device requirements: Conversational payments only require a smartphone with a voice assistant. This makes it a more accessible payment method than voice-based payments using mobile phone-based facial recognition.

• Transaction limits: The transaction limit for conversational payments is up to INR 500 per transaction. This is a lower limit than voice-based payments using mobile phone-based facial recognition, but it is still sufficient for most everyday purchases.

• Availability: Conversational payments are available nationwide. This makes it a more widely available payment method than voice-based payments using mobile phone-based facial recognition, which is currently in limited testing.

• Pros: Conversational payments are easy to use, even for people with disabilities. They can also be used in areas with poor network connectivity, as they do not require an internet connection.

• Cons: Conversational payments are not as secure as voice-based payments using mobile phone-based facial recognition. This is because they do not use any biometric data to authenticate users. Additionally, conversational payments can be more vulnerable to fraud, as they rely on the user's ability to remember their personal information.

Ultimately, the best payment method for you will depend on your individual needs and preferences. If you are looking for a secure and convenient way to make payments, then voice-based payments using mobile phone-based facial recognition is a good option. However, if you are looking for a more accessible and easy-to-use payment method, then conversational payments may be a better choice.

DISCOMS are getting “ Smart “

 

Context :

My Take :

Ø  A Pre-paid Electricity Meter ?  …………………. 18 May 2017

 

Extract :

But , how about a Prepaid Electricity Meter , with following features /

functionality ?

 

 

·         It will be a Tablet look-alike device

·          

·         It will show daily – weekly – monthly , power consumption of

         the premises

·          

·         It will show the “ average / highest / lowest “ monthly

          consumption

·          

·         It will also show how many UNITS remain to his BALANCE , at

         any given time

·          

·         It will show a GRAPH comparing consumptions during any two “

          periods “

·          

·         It will have facility to enter ( type in ) , customer’s Aadhar

          Number ( of course, linked to his Bank Account Number )

         

·         After login ( using biometric identification of Finger + Iris +

         Voice ) , customer can “ Re-charge “ his “ 

          Account “ with ( say ) , Rs 1,000 / - at the beginning, using the

         built-in Virtual Keyboard ( Device will have built-in camera )

 

          

·          

·         When the “ balance “ to his credit falls to ( say ) Rs 100 / - , an

          alarm will ring and he will also get Email / SMS /

          WhatsApp reminder

·          

·         If he fails to “ Re-Charge “ his account , power will get

          disconnected upon the balance falling to Rs 10/-  !

·          

·         Power will start flowing again as soon as consumer “ re-charges

         “ through device

 

  

None of this ( hardware + software + wireless telecom ) , is a Rocket

Science !

 

 

Any Start Up can come up with such a total , end-to-end , solution

within 6 months !

 

 

Only thing , this device cannot stop is UN-METERED THEFT of power ,

where wires get pulled from a power-line , bypassing the meter !

 

 

Other than this one limitation , this suggestion has the potential to

dramatically improve the Financial Positions of the State DISCOMS !

 

 

Dear Shri Goyalji ,

 

 

Would you like to pose this challenge to our Start Ups ?

 

Dear DISCOMS :

 

Present practice is for all electric meters ( one for each flat in a multi-

storied building ) , to be housed in a single cabinet , which is mounted

on a wall on the GROUND FLOOR of the building. This made it very

convenient for the METER READER of the concerned DISCOM to take

the consumption reading

Now, if Smart Meters too , are to be mounted in ground floor, then how

will a 10^th floor flat-owner , going to :

Ø  check consumption on hourly , daily or monthly basis ? or many other parameters ?

  

But, if, as suggested by me , if the “ Smart Meters “ are :

Ø  Prepaid variety ( no need for any visit by a Meter Reader ) , and

Ø  Thin as a tablet

 

-   then there is no need to mount these in ground floor – clustered

    together in a single cabinet

In such case, a Smart Meter can be fixed on a wall of the hall – and be

visible to all members of a family, at all times !

 

And if the concerned DISCOM develops a suitable / specific MOBILE

APP ( MetRead ? ) , then that Smart Meter can remain on the ground

floor and the Mobile App will connect with it ( Wi Fi – Blue Tooth – NFC

? ) and “ Mirror “ the meter screen on a mobile phone or a tablet !

 

Now, the flat owner can check his meter-screen from 10,000 Km away 

 

A “ prepaid “ has following advantages :

Ø  DISCOMS do not need to “ read “ the meter at the end of the month

    and prepare / send a BILL

Ø  DISCOMS do not need to chase the flat owner for collection.

Ø  For DISCOMS , with prepaid ( advance payment ), “ Working Capital

    “ will turn, from negative to POSITIVE !

And, if that “ prepaid “ is also a SMART PHONE or a TABLET , pre-

installed with MetRead app. , then the DISCOM could earn additional

 revenue , by enabling product / service ADVERTISERS to send

 TARGETTED ADVTS through the App !

And it is no rocket science to expect some AI software ( integral in

 that App ) to “ Optimize “ the ENERGY CONSUMPTION of the flat to

earn CARBON CREDITS , as outlined in my following e-mail :

Ø  Carbon Finance through Carbon Credits……   12 Mar 2021 

 

 

With regards,

Hemen Parekh

www.hemenparekh.ai  /  11 Aug  2023

 

Related Readings :

Ø  Electrifying : Smartly  ……………………………….. 25  Sept  2017

Ø  Smart Meter : No Pending Payments ?........ 08 Dec 2017

Ø  A Smart Move , Shri Singh !  …………………….. 07 June 2018

Ø  Welcome, Prepaid Smart Meters  ………………. 25  Sept  2021