Hi Friends,

Even as I launch this today ( my 80th Birthday ), I realize that there is yet so much to say and do. There is just no time to look back, no time to wonder,"Will anyone read these pages?"

With regards,
Hemen Parekh
27 June 2013

Now as I approach my 90th birthday ( 27 June 2023 ) , I invite you to visit my Digital Avatar ( www.hemenparekh.ai ) – and continue chatting with me , even when I am no more here physically

Wednesday, 19 July 2017

#RighttoPrivacy ! Thank You Your Honours !


Thank you Your Honours ,

Thank you for taking time out to read my following E mail sent to you supremecourt@nic.in ], yesterday morning .



Today’s Hindustan Times [ 20 July ], carries following report :


“ Right to Privacy isn’t absolute, observes the Supreme Court “

A rare 9-judge bench of the Supreme Court said the  RIGHT TO PRIVACY IS NOT ABSOLUTE, making its first observations on Wednesday as it began hearing on an issue that could have a sweeping impact on issues such as the Aadhaar scheme and the law criminalising homosexuality.

The bench began the process to decide if privacy can be regarded as a fundamental right guaranteed to all Indians, a question that arose from the legal challenge to the Aadhaar programme that activists say impinges on the right to privacy.

“ If privacy is about right to make a choice, then choice in what areas ?  Family, sexual orientation, gender identity, surveillance, what all? ”  , it observed.

In addition to the Section 377 case, the SC’s ruling on privacy will impact a case against mobile communication application WhatsApp in which petitioners have opposed its policy to share user data with its parent Facebook.

 ‘ NEED TO DEFINE PRIVACY ’
During the hearing the bench felt that right to privacy was too “amorphous” a term and said that to recognise privacy as a definite right, it had to first define it.

How do we  DEFINE  privacy ?

What are its CONTENTS  ?

Its  CONTOURS  ? 

How can the State  REGULATE  privacy ?

What  OBLIGATIONS  does the State have to PROTECT a person’s privacy ? ”  

Justice Chandrachud asked the lawyers representing petitioners in Aadhaar case.

AN ATTEMPT TO DEFINE THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY MAY CAUSE  MORE HARM THAN GOOD, the bench said.

The observations may or may not be a part of the court’s final ruling.

Justice Chandrachud also posed several questions on data protection in the age of social media, saying ,

·         SOCIAL MEDIA  did not exist when the  CONSTITUTION  was made.

·         IF PEOPLE HAVE PUT THEMSELVES IN THE PUBLIC REALM USING TECHNOLOGY, IS THAT NOT A SURRENDER OF THEIR RIGHT TO PRIVACY?,” the judge said, asking if right to privacy is non-negotiable.

Senior advocate Shyam Divan placed before the bench a statement made by a minister in March admitting privacy was “probably a fundamental right” and “part of individual liberty.”

Divan said in the internet age, one should have the right of  “ informational self-determination ”. “ I should know how much I should put forward and not be compelled,” he submitted.

He complained there was hardly any data protection in this digital age, leading to a compromise in privacy.

Former solicitor general Gopal Subramanium said right to liberty and lead a life of dignity includes the right to privacy.

“The right to liberty means the right to make personal choices, the right to develop one’s personality, one’s aura, one’s thinking and actions, the freedom of religion and conscience, the freedom to believe or not believe,” he told the bench, which will continue hearing the case on Thursday.


Thank you Your Honours ;

Thank you for making me , a  “ party ( in absentia ) to the on-going litigation “

My humble submission :

·         If those who drafted our Constitution in 1947 , could not have foreseen the CONTOURS that SOCIAL MEDIA will acquire in 2017 , it was understandable

·         But in 2017 , when 10 year old children are coding Mobile Apps employing Virtual Reality / Augmented Reality / Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning / Neural Networks / Hepatic Interfaces / Holographic Projections etc , would anyone understand if lawyers / jurists ( of this Software Super Power , India ), decided to bury their heads in the sand , hoping that they will , somehow escape getting buried under the inevitable Sand Storm of TECHNOLOGY ?


20  July  2017


Tuesday, 18 July 2017

Privacy ? Perish the Thought !



Following is an extract from ( Economic Times / 18 July ) :


Vidhi to help in Data Shield Law


·
         MEITY ( Ministry of Electronics and IT ) , is working on drafting a law on Data Protection


·         In this , it is being helped by Vidhi Centre for Legal Policy [ arghya.sengupta@gmail.com / vidhi@vidhilegalpolicy.in ]


·         MEITY will also seek help from eminent jurists and lawyers of the country


·         There will be a larger stake-holder discussion exercise after release of the first draft


·         Arghya  Sengupta ( Founder of Vidhi ) said :


Aadhaar is only one part of this eco-system which is admittedly becoming larger


There is an issue with regard to what the private operators are doing with the citizens’ data , every time people sign onto an app and it asks for multiple permissions to access photos etc


I have little hesitation in admitting that successive generations will possibly think that we were fools that every time we downloaded an application, we signed away our rights


So , there is a larger question which is not just an Aadhaar related question but in terms of who owns our data and what happens with personal data that is shared


That is the framework that we need and that’s essential the need of the hour


Be it Governments, individuals or any private entity – any entity that processes large data should have some obligation with respect to data handling


The legislation should have rules pertaining to obligation of data handlers , ways of collection of data , its use , and do’s and don’ts for any kind of onward sharing



MY  TAKE  :


·         In the drafting team , besides Jurists and Lawyers , include some Data Scientists


·         Get this team to agree on the definitions / meanings of the following TERMS , before releasing of that FIRST draft :

#   Private

#   Data

#   App

#   Permission

#   Access

#   Download

#   Sign

#   Rights

#   Own

#   Personal

#   Share

#   Entity

#   Processing

#   Obligation

#   Handling

#   Collection

#   Use



·         Already the line delimiting the HARDWARE from SOFTWARE is getting blurred ( eg : storing data in DNA or STEM CELLS )


·         Technology has ( almost ) evolved to the point where there is NO NEED to ask any PERMISSION from anyone ( who is creating – processing – handling etc of data ).


Any device that you carry or wear , will automatically transmit your every single THOUGHT to a CENTRAL SERVER !


And that  ARIHANT  will also SAVE the humanity from Artificial Intelligence  !



·         Under Internet of Things ( IoT ) , each living human will get assigned 50,000 TRILLION , unique IP Addresses , under IP V 6.0 ( including for that packet of food we eat and that bottle of water we drink ! ) – that is  10 BILLION  IP addresses for each hair on our bodies !


·         We will be “ Watched / Measured / Imaged / Listened to / Analysed / Administered / Governed “ , every second of our lives ( - and no one will even ask for any permission ! )


Anyone wearing an AR / VR device ( which will be everyone ! ) , will know who we are and what we are doing , at ANY MOMENT !


·         The Omnipresent CLOUD will tell us , what we should NEED and what we should DESIRE and where we should TRAVEL and what we should SEE ! May be , even how long we should LIVE !


A 9 Judge bench of the Supreme Court [ supremecourt@nic.in ] , has been set up to decide whether  “ Right to Privacy “ is ( or is not ) , a Constitutional Right of Indian citizens


I urge the Hon Judges to invite some eminent  “ DATA SCIENTISTS “ for deposing their technical views on this subject , before passing their order


After reading my following blogs , Hon Judges might want to ask them :


“ Will technology render India’s Constitution , irrelevant ?  If yes , how soon ? “



·         


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·         


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·         Delusionof Privacy

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·         Privacy? What is that ?


19  July  2017


Monday, 17 July 2017

Remembering King Canute !



There is no need to repeat this story but I could not help getting reminded of the same when I read following news report ( Economic Times / 17 July ) :




Transport Min won’t Board Niti’s Car-Pooling Plan

·          
 The transport ministry is not in favour of Niti Aayog’s suggestion that taxi aggregators should be allowed to rope in private cars to increase the availability of vehicles for passengers.


The ministry’s view is that vehicles used for commercial operations are registered as such and there is no such provision in the Motor Vehicles Act to allow private cars to run as app-based taxis, including operations such as ride-sharing and pooling.


“We have to protect the interests of over 5 million taxi owners who have paid commercial duties and permit fees to run taxis. Their employment cannot be endangered and also allowing private cars would be something like doing away with the concept of taxis,” a top government official said.


Currently, commercial vehicles attract higher duties, insurance premium and other permit charges than private vehicles.


The official said the safety of passengers using such services also has to be kept in mind.


“Even if it’s a lot of convenience, various legal aspects also have to be kept in mind. Even if it’s allowed, some registration mechanism for such cars has to be found,” the official added.


India is examining the use of private vehicles as shared taxis in an effort to reduce car ownership and curb growing traffic congestion in major cities.


Niti Aayog, which is chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, has partnered with companies including ride-sharing firm Uber Technologies to assess the economic and environmental impact of using private cars as taxis, a government official involved in the process said.

The idea is to set up a clear and reasonable regulatory framework for ride-sharing so it allows companies to operate in India without ambiguity.

Such a move could dent car sales in India, where the ownership ratio is low compared with other countries.

There are about 20 cars for every 1,000 people in India.


But then , Shri Amitabh Kant ( CEO- NITI Aayog ) has repeatedly said :
“ Regulatory framework always lags behind technological innovations and is, perpetually , in the catch-up mode “

Judiciaryin the footsteps of Technology ?



He is a patient man who perseveres – never gives up !
And he is backed by a visionary like Shri Anand Mahindra , whose Company is also moving in the direction of ride-sharing cars !

18  July  2017




Sunday, 16 July 2017

Who is Clueless ?



There are many subjects ( eg : Crypto-Currency ) and many times ( right NOW ) , when I am clueless !


For example , on the subject of “ JOB  GENERATION “ , I felt clueless when I read the following remarks by Shri Panagariya ( Niti Aayog ) , as reported in Hindustan Times ( 11 July ) :




Panagariya said underemployment is probably the biggest economic challenge that India faces right now and added that rapid growth can be achieved by moving workers OUT OF AGRICULTURE to INDUSTRY and from SMALLER enterprises to BIGGER ones



“ Underemployment is probably the biggest economic challenge we face….. as many as 44.2 crore ( ie; 442 million ) or 91.2 % of the total, were employed in AGRICULTURE or enterprises with NINE or fewer workers


Panagariya said that excessive employment in AGRICULTURE ( 46.9 % ) with lower output ( 18 % ) was slowing growth, and tackling that is the way to achieve growth


“ If we set the output per worker in AGRICULTURE equal to ONE ( 1 ) , then output per worker in INDUSTRY is FIVE ( 5 ) and that in SERVICES is  ( 3.8 ) “ , he said




I wonder :


Can Shri Panagariya ( an eminent economist ) , confirm ( or correct ) , the following figures of INVESTMENTS required for generating just ONE JOB , in different types of BUSINESSES / INDUSTRIES ?


I am clueless as to how much CAPITAL is required to generate ONE JOB in AGRICULTURE !




[ Source :




How much CAPITAL ( fixed + working ) would be required to give jobs to all of them ?



Following are my guesses to create just  ONE JOB  in :


·         Pan Beedi shop ( self-employed )………….Rs   1   lakh


·         Tiny grocery shop ( owner operated )…. Rs   3   lakh


·         Barber shop …………………………………………..Rs   5   lakh


·         Pharmacy shop……………………………………… Rs   10  lakh


·         Auto Repair Garage………………………………. Rs   20  lakh


·         Small Factory ( 50 people )………………..   Rs   50  lakh


·         Medium Factory ( 100 people )……………. Rs   75  lakh


·         Large light engineering factory………………Rs  100  lakh ( Rs 1 cr  )


{ Just proposed SAMSUNG factory in UP will invest Rs 5,000 cr and , at full capacity , employ 5,000 people }



·         Machine Tool Manufacturing factory………………….   Rs  2  crore


·         Heavy Engineering factory ( Pressure Vessels )…. Rs  5  crore


·         Service Industry ( based on IT / internet )…………. Rs  50 lakh


And , if my figures are even approximately CORRECT , then from where are we going to find the Capital required to move 100 million workers ( out of 442 million ) from Agriculture to Industry ? 

Incidentally , which Industry ( or industries ) have enough DEMAND to absorb 100 million workers ?



Of course , I do not expect Shri Panagariya to agree with my following suggestion to find
those FUNDS , without RAISING TAXES or BEGGING for FDI :


Why  a Begging  Bowl  ?  ( 08  May 2017 )



17  July  2017