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Wednesday 1 February 2023

On the Job Training : a Vindication

Context :

Budget 2023: PM Kaushal Vikas Yojana 4.0 To Provide On-Job Training, Industry 4.0 Skills To Youth

Extract :

The Centre will launch Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana 4.0 to skill lakhs of youth in the next three years

The scheme will focus on :

# on-job training,

# industry partnership

# alignment of courses with the needs of industries

It will also provide new-age courses for Industry 4.0 such as :

# coding,

# artificial intelligence,

# robotics,

# mechatronics,

# IoT,

# 3D printing,

# drone, and

# other soft skills

Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman in her Budget 2023-24 speech said that the Centre will launch Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana 4.0 to skill lakhs of youth in the next three years.

The Indian youth-focussed scheme will focus on on-job training, industry partnership and alignment of courses with the needs of industries.

It will also provide new-age courses for Industry 4.0 such as coding, artificial intelligence, robotics, mechatronics, IoT, 3D printing, drone, and other soft skills.

Centre to launch PMKVY 4.0, set up 30 skill IICs, FM announces in Budget 2023

Extract :

" To empower youth and help them realise their dream, PMKVY 4.0 will be launched to skill lakhs of youths within the next three years," said the Minister adding that 30 Skill India International Centres will also be opened across the states.

With an aim to make India a skill capital of the world and improve mobility of skilled manpower, the National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) International has been set up, which aims to create a network of institutions across India, said the Economic Survey released on Sunday

It said that this network of institutions will be called the Skill India International (SII) Network. It shall be created through the empanelment of state-of-the-art government and private institutions.

ET Print Issue / 02 Feb 2023

“ This platform will enable demand-based formal skill training, link eligible candidates with employers including MSME and facilitate access to entrepreneurship schemes “, Sitharaman said.

The FM also said that the government will provide stipend support to 4.7 million ( 47 lakh ) youth in three years through Direct Benefit Transfer, for which a pan-India National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme ( NAPS ) will be rolled out

Between FY 17 and FY 23 ( as of Jan 05, 2023 ), about 11 million persons have been trained under PMKVY 2.0 , 83 % certified and about 2.14 million placed, as per the Economic Survey

MY TAKE :

I am happy that the Government has accepted suggestion made in my following earlier e-mail :

Ø Universal Basic Income …………………………[ 20 Jan 2017 ]

Extract :

WHAT WOULD BE THE RIGHT APPROACH ?

* Right approach would be : " Do not give fish to a hungry man / teach him how to fish "

In short , empower them to earn their own living by teaching them " Skills " and by

gaining " Experience " in use of those skills

ENTIRE COST OF THIS " SKILLING " AND " EXPERIENCING " TO BE BORNE BY THE GOVERNMENT , TILL

EACH TARGETED POOR / UNEMPLOYED PERSON , EITHER GETS GAINFULLY EMPLOYED OR BECOMES

SELF-EMPLOYED

Should he choose to become Self-Employed ( by registering as a " Start Up " ), exempt

him from paying Personal Income Tax for next 10 years

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HOW TO TRANSLATE THIS " SELF HELP " CONCEPT INTO PRACTICE ?

Divide the implementation in following 3 phases

* Empowering - 3 years ( Imparting Skills in Industrial Training Institutes )

* Experiencing - 3 years ( Providing experience in Ind / Commercial Establishments )

* Self-dependence Phase ( Working in a gainful job or as Self Employed )

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WHAT SKILLS WILL GET PROVIDED IN ITI ?

Entire range of Manufacturing Industry related skills being currently imparted plus a

whole host of commercial skills required by E Commerce / Fintech / Agriculture Processing

/ Payment Banks / Service Sector / BPO / Telecom and other emerging sectors

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HOW SHALL WE MOTIVATE UNEMPLOYED YOUTH TO JOIN ITIs ?

* Each trainee will receive Rs 1000 pm ( for course duration of 3 years )

This amount will get deposited in Jan Dhan bank account of trainee ( DBT )

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HOW CAN WE GET PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION IN THIS PHASE ?

* If a Private firm or individual comes forward to set up such a Training Institute ,

# Treat it as an Infrastructure SPV

# No questions asked as to the source of funds for setting up such ITI

{ a kind of Amnesty Scheme to convert Black Money into White Money }

# A government grant of Rs 1,000 pm per trainee to such SPV ( DBT in Bank A/C )

If this is done , expect 10,000 SPVs to come up within one year and 10 million youth to

get trained each year !

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HOW CAN WE GET INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL ESTABLISHMENTS TO PROVIDE

EXPERIENCE TO TRAINEES PASSING OUT OF ITIs ?

* Amend Apprenticeship Act

* Allow all Industrial and Commercial Establishments to engage ANY NUMBER of

apprentices ( without upper limit ) , for a period of 3 years

* Starting stipend = Min of Semi-Skilled wages ( currently , approx Rs 6,000 pm )

* Annual Increment = 5 %

* Establishment to pay 75 % of stipend

* Government to pay 25 % of stipend ( DBT into Jan Dhan account of the Apprentice )

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HOW CAN WE ENSURE A " LEAKAGE PROOF " DISBURSEMENTS OF DBT AMOUNTS ?

* Through implementation of Mobile based Attendance System , outlined in my blog,

" From BAD to MAD "

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HOW WILL MY SUGGESTION HELP ?

* It will solve the problem of poverty organically / permanently

* It will prevent " Dependency Culture " ( looking up to Sarkar Maa Baap for everything )

* It will enable poor to retain their " Self Respect / Dignity "

* The money spent by government will create highly productive " Human Assets "

* It will overcome the " Skills Shortages " experienced by the Economy

* It will create gainful " Self Employment " for millions of poor

* It will make India , a " Low Cost Economy " , able to export its goods and services

* It will channelize Black Money into a " Nation Building " exercise

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WILL GOVERNMENT IMPLEMENT MY SUGGESTION ?

* Very unlikely !

By handing out freebies and thereby keeping poor " dependent on dole " forever ,

politicians assure themselves of permanent " Vote Banks " !

If all those currently enjoying " Reservations " ( of umpteen types ) were to become

" meritorious " and start earning Rs 50,000 per month , they would not care a bit for

those " Reservations " !

And if people stop caring for reservations , what " cause " can politicians espouse ?

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Dear Shri Narendrabhai Modiji ,

I request you to ponder on my suggestion in light of the following quote of another

Narendra ( Swami Vivekanand ) :

" Education, education, education alone !

Travelling through many cities of Europe and observing in them the comforts and education of even the poor people, there was brought to my mind the state of our own poor people, and I used to shed tears.

What made the difference ? Education was the answer I got.

Through education comes faith in one's own Self, and through faith in one's own Self the inherent Brahman is waking up in them.^{[Source] "}

With Regards,

Hemen Parekh

hcp@RecruitGuru.com / 02 Feb 2023

===========================

No mere Relief : A Game Changer ……………[ 20 Dec 2017 ]

Discovering the Obvious ? ………………………….[ 30 Nov 2017 ]

Universal Basic Income …………………………….[ 20 Jan 2017 ]

2018 ( 2 )

Starting a Virtuous Circle …………………………………[17 Dec 2018 ]

Of Interns and Apprentices ………………………………[ 07 Jan 2018 ]

2019 ( 4 )

Thank You, Prakashbhai ( Javadekarji ) ……………………..[ 03 Apr 2019 ]

Congratulations , Anilbhai Naik ……………………………………[ 08 Feb 2019 ]

Organizing the Unorganized ………………………………………….[ 04 Feb 2019 ]

Paralyzed by Policy Revisions ? …………………………………….[ 27 Mar 2019 ]

2020 ( 3 )

Human Resource Capital of the World ? …………………….....[ 23 Nov 2020 ]

Congratulations, Shri Ajit Pawar / Shri Nawab Malik ……..[ 06 Mar 2020 ]

Congratulations, TATA………………………………………………………[ 27 Dec 2020 ]

2021 ( 4 )

ApprenticeShip : Unanchored and ready to sail ? ………….[ 08 Feb 2021 ]

National Skills University : Virtual is the only way……….. [ 03 Apr 2021 ] – links to 64 other E-Mails

Small Steps for Small Firms ? Not enough………………………[ 07 Mar 2021 ]

Gaining Ground : Virtually ………………………………………………[ 01 Mar 2021 ]

2022 ( 5 )

Apprenticeship : Half Way house ? ………………………………. [ 29 Mar 2022 ]

Skilling 300 Million ? Here is a way, Shri Pradhanji ……..[ 29 June 2022 ]

Skilling for World ? Here is why – how ! ………………………..[ 30 May 2022 ]

Apprentices : Hire Any Number without paying Wages ? [ 28 Jan 2022 ]

Thank You, Shri Dharmendra Pradhanji …………………………[ 02 July 2022 ]

Thursday 2 June 2022

Not an easy task

Context :

Niti Aayog to conduct household survey to assess impact and outreach of central Schemes

( ET - 02 June 2022 )

Extract :

The Development, Monitoring & Evaluation Office under Niti Aayog will soon start a comprehensive household survey to evaluate the impact and outreach of key central sector schemes (CS) and centrally-sponsored schemes (CSS) amounting to an annual allocation of over ₹11 lakh crore.

The exercise is expected to be completed before the next fiscal year following which DMEO will propose the necessary changes to the CS and CSS to prevent leakages and ensure that the scheme benefits go to the targeted individuals

"The idea is to evaluate the success of these schemes on the ground. This kind of survey will help prevent leakages and improve efficiency in the implementation of these schemes in future while ensuring benefits reach to the people who deserve the most," the official added.

===================================================

The exercise is also aimed at giving flexibility to states in implementation of these schemes by reducing proliferation of such schemes.

Some of the big-ticket schemes to be evaluated include :

# Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme,

# Ayushman Bharat,

# National Social Assistance Programme and

# Food and fertiliser subsidy, among others.

MY TAKE :

I suppose there are dozens of CS / CSS schemes

And there must be millions of “ households “ ( out of our estimated 290 million – 2900 Lakh households ), whose ( family ) members “ qualify / are eligible “ to receive the benefits of one or more of these Schemes

In fact, different members of a given family may be “ eligible / entitled “ to benefits under different schemes

It is obvious that, while framing any CS / CSS scheme, the Govt must have laid down very STRINGENT / SPECIFIC “ criteria of eligibility “

With this background, I believe conducting SURVEY of mere 1 LAKH households may not yield any meaningful insights ( even considering a well-designed Statistical sampling plan )

Is DMEO planning a survey of only those households , which ( whose some or other member ) are already EXISTING RECEPIENTS ( beneficiaries ) of some or other CS – CSS scheme ?

This assumption looks possible since ( I am sure ), Govt must have an elaborate / detailed / comprehensive DATABASE of the existing beneficiaries of each scheme, in order to effect DBT ( Direct Benefit Transfer to their Bank Accounts ) – as per recent transfer of Rs 2000 / - each to 10 Crore farmers ( which might include some who are really NOT eligible / do not qualify )

But what about those 289.9 Million ( 2899 LAKH ) households which will be LEFT OUT of this survey ?

These “ non – covered “ households could well contain MILLIONS of citizens who meet ALL the “ Eligibility Criteria “ ( for some or other scheme ) – but they do not have awareness of the existence of these Schemes

Or be aware of the fact that they possess ALL the “ Eligibility Criteria “ for X – Y – Z scheme

POSER :

Is there a better way to collect such data ( number of eligible citizens out of 137 Crore ) ?

ANSWER :

Surely

Next year Govt is staring the ALL INDIA CENSUS exercise to cover all 137 crore citizens

Apart from the fact that it will be carried out using a Mobile App, it is likely to contain following “ data – fields “ which were in the last ( 2011 ) paper-based CENSUS FORM ( seems no “ Eligibility Criteria “ is left out ! ) :

SIDE A

1 ……….. Name

2 ……….. Relationship with Head

3 ………. Sex

4 ………. Date of Birth / Age

5 ………. Current Marital Status

6 ……… Age at marriage

7 ……… Religion

8 ………. SC / ST

9 ………. Disability

10 ………… Mother Tongue

11 ……….. Other languages known

12 ……….. Literacy Status

13 …………Status of Attendance ( in Education Institutions )

14 ………… Highest Education attained

===================================================

SIDE B

15 ………. Workers and Non-Workers

# 1…. Main Worker [ if worked for 6 months or more ]

# 2…. Marginal Worker [ worked for 3 months or more but less than 6 months ]

# 3…. Worked for less than 3 months

# 4…. Non-Worker [ if not worked at all ]

16………….. Category of Economic Activity

# 1….. Cultivator

# 2….. Agricultural Labourer

# 3….. Worker in Household Industry

# 4…… Other worker

===================================================

ONLY FOR 16#3 AND 16#4

17 Occupation …………………. ( Describe the actual work )

18 …Nature of Industry-Trade-Service ( Where the person works

worked or Self-Employed )

19 …Class of Worker …………………………. ( Give code from list below )

==================================================

ONLY FOR 15#2 / 15#3 / 15#4

20 ……………. Non-Economic Activity [ give code from list below ]

21 ……………..Seeking or Available for Work [ YES / NO ]

==================================================

22 …………… Fill for Marginal worker / Non Worker [ Travel distance to place

of work – one way and Mode of travel ]

23 …………… Birth Place

24 ……………. Migration Characteristics

25 ………….. Reason for Migration

26…………… Duration of Stay

27 ……………..Children surviving

28 ………………Children ever born

29 ………………No of children born alive during last one year

Name of Respondent [ 3 digit Serial Number ]

Signature / Thumb impression of respondent / Date

Signature of Enumerator / Date

Sex of Enumerator { M / F }

Signature of Supervisor with Date

To these ( data fields ), I had suggested adding the following :

{ source : Census 2021 : an Unprecedented Opportunity / 11 Apr 2019 }

# Aadhar ID

# PAN

# Mobile Phone Number

# E Mail ID– to be treated as “ User ID “ for accessing own data for EDIT

purpose

# Password – for EDITING own data, online , at any time

# Voter ID

URGENCY :

My suggestion assumes URGENCY given the fact that only yesterday, BIHAR

government passed a resolution to carry out a STATE-LEVEL Census ( of State

Citizens ) for determining OBC – SC – ST population

{ Refer : Explained: What is the caste-based census announced in Bihar by Nitish Kumar? / 01 June 2022 }

IF IMPLEMENTED, THIS IS BOUND TO SIMILAR STATE-LEVEL CENSUSES IN ALL OUR STATES

This nightmare could lead to :

# Widely differing “ Data Fields “ in Census Forms of different States

# Non-capture of ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA

# Non-inclusion of some of the 2633 “ castes / sub castes “ under umbrella

named OBC

# A person of one State migrating to another State may turn “ In-eligible “ for a

scheme

# Huge expense and manpower costs , spread over months / years

# Because of widely differing DATA-BASES ( of States Censuses ), no chance of “

Aggregating “

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Dear NITI Aayog,

I urge you to :

Ø Give up the idea of DMEO survey

Ø Persuade States to give up their idea of State-level OBC census

Ø Persuade Centre / States to have just ONE / CENTRAL / NATIONAL census

With regards,

Hemen Parekh / hcp@RecruitGuru.com / 03 June 2022

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Added on 04 June 2022 :

Survey flags last-mile delivery issues with Direct Benefit Transfer ( Business Line / 04 June 2022 )

Extract :

A variety of exclusionary factors can be found at every stage of the delivery pipeline of Direct Benefit Transfers (DBT), a survey by Dvara Reserch has revealed.

Delivery of Social Protection Entitlements in India: Unpacking Exclusion, Grievance Redress, and the Relevance of Citizen-Assistance Mechanisms