I mean , by conquering the corruption

It seems so

It has following distinct ( unfair ? ) advantages :

It is a dictatorship ( up to you to believe , whether benevolent or malevolent )

When it comes to the matter of corruption, Xi Jinping does not need to “ consult “ either his ministerial colleagues or his bureaucrats . He just acts. Here is proof :

In the first half of 2017, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI) received 1.31 million complaints and opened 260,000 cases.

Over 210,000 officials were punished for corruption in the first half of 2017.

A few years back , China released a document called , ‘ Made in China 2025 ’

As per this road-map, China plans to become the world leader in AI by 2030

It is well on its way to achieve that !

Given this background , it is highly probable that , if Xi Jinping gets to read my following proposal, he would call up the boss of China’s Currency Printing Press and tell him :

“ You have 6 months to start printing RFID embedded currency notes of 100 Yuan “

I appreciate that our own Cabinet Ministers are so very busy preparing for the elections that they may not have found time to read my 48 emails on this subject ( listed below )

In the meantime, I am mailing my following CONCEPT NOTE to

# Chinese Premier Li Keqiang ( premier@mail.gov.cn )

# Our own Cabinet Ministers

# NITI Aayog

# PM- Economy Advisory Council Members

# PM – Science, Technology , Innovation Advisory Council Members

# Indian Think Tanks

# Scientists / Researchers mentioned below,

Shyam Gollakota / gshyam@cs.washington.edu

Sanjay Sarma / SESARMA@MIT.EDU'

Yury Gogotsi / gogotsi@drexel.edu

Prof. B. B. Khatua / khatuabb@matsc.iitkgp.ernet.in

Prof McAlpine / 'mcalpine@umn.edu'

Prof Giovanni Traverso / ctraverso@partners.org

Qiu Jiang / qiu.jiang@kaust.edu.sa

Sayani Majumdar / sayani.majumdar@aalto.fi

Professor Hyunhyub Ko / hyunhko@unist.ac.kr

Dr. Ramses V. Martinez / rmartinez@purdue.edu / https://engineering.purdue.edu/FlexiLab/index.html#contact

======================================================

PROPOSAL :

Preface :

For nations around the World , corruption is a debilitating disease , sapping national wealth

Premise :

For existence and proliferation of corruption , BLACK MONEY , is the foundation

Black Money [ BM ] :

BM is money on which the recipient evades paying due tax by hiding the receipt of such monetary payments from the income tax authorities .

In most cases , BM is in the form of high denomination currency notes .

Sometimes it can be in the form of an asset such as gold / land etc, which is not declared in the annual Income Tax Return of the owner of such asset and no Wealth Tax paid on the same

========================

Solutions :

Option # 1

Except for very small value purchases ( of either goods or services ), government to mandate that all other payments are made digitally ( which are traceable from beginning to end , using emerging technologies like Blockchain and cross-linked with a country’s tax-compliance mechanism )

Unfortunately, this is nearly impossible ( at least for a decade or so ) in a country like India where , despite the big gains made in Digital Payments ( since de-monetization of Nov 2016 ), cash payments still constitute some 85 % of all payments

Option # 2

Keep 24x7 track of each and every high denomination currency note in circulation

Over the past 2 years, several technologies have evolved, which hold promise of a government being able to do this [ - and I believe, China will be the first to this ]

Given a political will on part of the Policy Makers , it seems feasible to print such high denomination currency notes with embedded nano-sensors which “ announce their face value and NaVIC satellite based location “ to a government server , 24x7

============================

Technology Structure :

The technology structure of this project will comprise of the following elements :

[ A ]

A sensor embedded in the currency note for “ storing data “ such as ,

· Serial Number of the currency note

· Face Value of the note

[ B ]

An embedded sensor to “ transmit data “ to receivers ( mobile phones ) in its

immediate environment , using Radio Frequencies ( RFID antenna )

[ C ]

A nano-scale Solar Panel embedded within the currency note to “ power RFID antenna “

[ D ]

A Mobile App which picks up the signals ( Digital Data re Currency Serial Number and face value ) from the RFID antennas ( using NFC / Blue Tooth ) and relay to government server

Following are those potential technologies to be considered :

=====================================================

[ A ]……..

Technology for “ a sensor embedded in the currency note for “ storing data “

E Mail : gshyam@cs.washington.edu

Dear Shyam,

In yesterday’s “ Mumbai Mirror “ , I came across following news :

“ New Fabric can store data without electronics “

I also looked it up on your web page : https://homes.cs.washington.edu/~gshyam/ and saw the video and then wondered :

“ Can your technology help the Indian Government , tackle the twin problems of ,

Detection of fake / forged currency notes of high denominations ( Rs 500 / 2,000 )

Reduction of BLACK MONEY ( usually held as CASH of Rs 500 / 2,000 notes )

Earlier , I had suggested to the Indian Authorities to consider embedding RFID nano-chips in those notes , to track any accumulation of ( say ) 1000 notes in an area of 1 sq meter , anywhere in India

The idea of embedding RFID was considered “ feasible “ by Sanjay Sarma

Only a few days back , I learned that the Australian Government is considering embedding RFID nano-chips in its $ 50 / 100 , currency notes for the purpose of tracking the Black Money

In “ Mumbai Mirror “ news item , you are quoted :

“ This is a completely electronic-free design , which means you can iron the smart fabric or put it in the washer and dryer. We are using something that already exists on a smart phone and uses almost no power, so the cost of reading this type of data is negligible “

Report further says :

“ The team also demonstrated that the magnetized fabric could be used to interact with a smart phone while it is in one’s pocket … Scientists realized that this off-the-shelf conductive thread also has the magnetic properties that can be manipulated to store either digital data or visual information like LETTERS or NUMBERS “

I believe all currency notes come with a metallic SECURITY THREAD , capable of being magnetized

So, could that thread be able to store the UNIQUE SERIAL NUMBER , assigned to each and every currency note , which , in turn , can be “ read “ by the Smart phone , and “ transmitted “ to the Central Server of the India’s Income Tax Department ?

If possible , this can track those high denomination currency notes lying in wallets / purses ( - assuming that a smart phone is also next to those notes )

This still leaves open the following issue :

Huge bundles of high currency notes ( totalling millions of rupees ) , are usually stored in lockers ( at home or in bank vaults )

How can your invention help to track these ?

I would highly appreciate if you can show a way by which India can leapfrog Australia

A few days later, I wrote again :

Dear Shyam,

In my earlier mail , I had wondered :

“ Can storing of unique SERIAL NUMBER of a Rs 2000 currency note , in its SECURITY THREAD , help detect large accumulation ( say 500 pieces of notes ) in a Bank or Home Locker ? And enable transmitting that info to a central server of the Income Tax Department ? “

Incidentally , one year since de-monetization ( 08 Nov 2016 ) , Reserve Bank of India has still not been able to finish “ counting “ those millions of Rs 500 / 1000 old notes returned by the holders , despite employing 60 Note Counting Machines , on 24 hour basis !

If their SERIAL NUMBERS were stored in SECURITY THREADs , could your technology have completed counting faster ?

Unfortunately , I did not get any reply from Shyam Gollakota

============================================

[ B ]

Technology for an embedded sensor to “ transmit data “ to receivers ( mobile phones )

in its immediate environment , using Radio Frequencies ( RFID antenna )

For this technology , I wrote to the following scientist :

-------------------------------------------------------------

Dear Yury Gogotsi ,

I read this article with interest [ Spray-on antennas for the Internet of Things ]

My interest being :

Some two years back I suggested that our high denomination ( Rs 500 / Rs 2000) currency notes should be embedded with RFID chips ( micro-sensors ) and create a Technology Platform ( in IT department ) through which such notes can be tracked , through NFC in smart phones carried in everybody’s pocket

Idea was to put a permanent end to BLACK MONEY generation / accumulation through CORRUPTION

But the problem was :

How to “ power “ ( - although , very small ) those RFID chips , to be able to reveal their Unique Serial Numbers to a nearby smart phone / smart watch ( - which , in turn , communicates with the server of the IT department ) ?

Could your invention solve this problem ?

If yes, it could vastly reduce the corruption in this world – since nearly all the bribes given out, are in CASH , comprising HIGH DENOMINATION currency notes

I got following reply :

From: Gogotsi,Yury [mailto:yg36@drexel.edu]

Sent: Sunday, October 14, 2018 5:52 PM

To: Hemen Parekh

Subject: Re: GETTING RID OF CORRUPTION WITH YOUR INVENTION

It would be nice if our material could help to solve this problem.

Yury Gogotsi, Ph.D., D.Sc., Dr.h.c.

Charles T. and Ruth M. Bach Distinguished University Professor
Director, A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute

Drexel University
Department of Materials Science and Engineering (383 CAT Building)
3141 Chestnut St.
Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
E-mail: gogotsi@drexel.edu

TEL 1-215-895-6446
FAX 1-215-895-1934
http://nano.materials.drexel.edu

Associate Editor: ACS Nano
http://pubs.acs.org/journal/ancac3

========================

Seeking further clarification , I wrote back :

Dear Yury,

Thanks for your prompt reply

But , since I am a non-technical person , I would appreciate knowing from you , whether you foresee the feasibility of your material powering an embedded RFID in a currency note

With regards,

Hemen

Here is what Yury replied :

Yes, just like metals are currently embedded.

And a little later , Yury wrote again :

Dear Hemen,

I’m a scientist developing new materials. It’s up to people like yourself to achieve implementation of our developments.

===================================================

[ C ] / 1

For “ a nano-scale Solar Panel embedded within the currency note to “ power RFID antenna “

For this technology , against my inquiry , I got following replies :

From: Prof. B. B. Khatua [mailto:khatuabb@matsc.iitkgp.ernet.in]
Sent: 05 July 2018 18:19

To: 'Hemen Parekh'

Subject: RE: CONGRTULATIONS

Dear Hemen Parekh,

Thanks for your email and wish.

Recently, our another work on "Egg-shell membrane" based materials for generating electricity has been published in International Journal, and featured as news in various news media. Some of the links are given below :

We have not yet performed any test for RFID, but will do so in the future work.

https://www.natureasia.com/en/nindia/article/10.1038/nindia.2018.71

https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-life/eggshell-used-to-generate-electricity/article24274886.ece

https://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=50417.php

best regards,

Dr. Bhanu Bhusan Khatua (Ph.D.)

Associate Professor

Materials Science Centre

Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

Kharagpur-721302

West Bengal, India

Ph: (+91) 3222 283982 (off)

09932507444 (cell)

Fax: (03222) 255303

Researchgate id: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Bhanu_Khatua

Google Scholar id: https://scholar.google.co.in/citations?hl=en&user=KaYk8oIAAAAJ

Skype: 919932507444

============================================

[ C ] / 2

But did not get any response to following request :

E Mail : 'mcalpine@umn.edu'

Dear Prof McAlpine,

Just read your interview re 3D printed electronic tattoos

https://lnkd.in/fRxm5QC

Being a non-technical person , I have following question :

Can this technology print a RFID sensor coupled to a nano scale “ Solar Panel “ , onto a plastic currency note of high denomination , so that such notes can be tracked 24 X 7 ?

If yes , this could rid the world of CORRUPTION – all of which happens through BLACK MONEY ( unaccounted / tax evaded money – cash )

For over 2 years , I have been trying to convince the Indian Government to adopt this RFID embedding of high denomination currency notes

I believe biggest hurdle is to provide a tiny electrical power to the embedded RFID

May be your innovation can overcome that problem

==================

But , I did not get any reply to my inquiry for the following technology , from Prof Traverso

Wireless system can power devices inside the body

http://news.mit.edu/2018/wireless-system-power-devices-inside-body-0604

It was this paragraph which aroused my interest :

“ The researchers are now working on making the power delivery more efficient and transferring it over greater distances.

This technology also has the potential to improve RFID applications in other areas such as inventory control, retail analytics, and “smart” environments, allowing for longer-distance object tracking and communication, the researchers say. “

References :

Prof Giovanni Traverso [ ctraverso@partners.org ]

http://researchfaculty.brighamandwomens.org/BRIProfile.aspx?id=6448

https://tatacenter.mit.edu/portfolio/giovanni-traverso/

https://scholar.google.co.uk/citations?user=Htybq6sAAAAJ&hl=en

https://www.giovannitraverso.org/bio/

[ C ] / 3

But reply to my inquiry to Qiu Jiang , opened up a window !

https://scienceblog.com/500291/the-raw-power-of-human-motion/?

utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+scienceblogrssfeed+%28ScienceBlog.com%29

Qiu Jiang

Ph.D. Student, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, SA,

Materials Science and Engineering,

Office: Bldg.3, level 3, 3203-WS17, Mobile phone: +966 (0)54 670 1529

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

To: Hemen Parekh

Cc: Jr-Hau He

Subject: Re: TENG / Triboelectric Nanogeneratot

Dear Hemen:

The typical power consumption of RFID is ~10 µW, and Energy density of a microcapacitor can easily go 1 mWh/cm3, which means a microsupercapacitor with 1 cm3 volumn can power the RFID for 100 h.

As you said, you want some thin devices, take 100 µm thickness for example, a microsupercapacitor with 1cm2 area and 100 µm thickness can power the RFID for 1h.

Also, you don't need to continuously power the RFID, thus it is practical to do so.

Regards

Qiu

======================================================

[ C ] / 4

And then I found following about the research of an Indian girl , working in Finland :

New printable thin films could help power Internet of Things

Scientists, including one of Indian origin, have designed printable, organic thin films for "neuromorphic" computers inspired by the human brain, which will help power Internet of Things.

Internet of Things (IoT) need components and chips that can handle huge quantities of data.

In 2020, there will already be 50 billion industrial internet sensors in place all around us. A single autonomous device - a smart watch, a cleaning robot, or a driverless car - can produce gigabytes of data each day, whereas an airbus may have over 10,000 sensors in one wing alone.

Current transistors in computer chips must be miniaturised to the size of only few nanometres, and analysing and storing unprecedented amounts of data will require huge amounts of energy.

Sayani Majumdar, from the Aalto University in Finland, along with her colleagues, designed and fabricated the basic building blocks of "neuromorphic" computers inspired by the human brain.

"The technology and design of neuromorphic computing is advancing more rapidly than its rival revolution, quantum computing," said Majumdar.

"The key is to achieve the extreme energy-efficiency of a biological brain and mimic the way neural networks process information through electric impulses," she said.

In a study published in the journal Advanced Functional Materials, researchers showed how they have fabricated a new breed of 'ferroelectric tunnel junctions', that is, few-nanometre-thick ferroelectric thin films sandwiched between two electrodes.

They have abilities beyond existing technologies and bode well for energy-efficient and stable neuromorphic computing. The junctions work in low voltages of less than five volts and with a variety of electrode materials – including silicon used in chips in most of our electronics.

They also can retain data for more than 10 years without power and be manufactured in normal conditions.

"Our junctions are made out of organic hydro-carbon materials and they would reduce the amount of toxic heavy metal waste in electronics," said Majumdar.

"We can also make thousands of junctions a day in room temperature without them suffering from the water or oxygen in the air," she said.

"What we are striving for now, is to integrate millions of our tunnel junction memristors into a network on a one square centimetre area," she added.

"We can expect to pack so many in such a small space because we have now achieved a record-high difference in the current between on and off-states in the junctions and that provides functional stability," Majumdar said.

"The memristors could then perform complex tasks like image and pattern recognition and make decisions autonomously," she said.

======================================================

[ D ]

Technology for a “ Mobile App which picks up the signals ( Digital Data re Currency Serial Number and face value ) from the RFID antennas ( using NFC / Blue Tooth ) and relay to government server “

This technology already exists and almost all IoT devices use it . No issue here !

================================================

ADDITIONAL INPUTS :

25 March , 2016

Dear Mr. Parekh,

Yes, placing tags on money has certainly been considered in the past. I think it is a matter of time before it happens. I do agree with your idea.

---------------------------------------------------------------

13 Nov 2016

Hi Hemen,

It can be brought down to about 3-5 cents with scale.

Meanwhile check out a variant of the technology which is cheaper:

http://cdn.intechweb.org/pdfs/14423.pdf

Sanjay [ Sanjay Sarma , 35-206 MIT. 617 253 1925 (T). 617 253 7549 (F).

Email : 'SESARMA@MIT.EDU'

=============================

Not to be ignored, here is a technology ( of course , under development ) , which could enable a Rs 2,000 / - currency note to “ announce “ ( loud enough for everyone in the room to be able to hear ) as follows :

“ Hemen handing over a Rs 2000 note , bearing Serial Number 3EC 689605 to Prof. Ko “

http://news.unist.ac.kr/transparent-loudspeakers-and-mics-that-let-your-skin-play-music/

http://hko.unist.ac.kr/

E-mail : hyunhko@unist.ac.kr / Tel: 052-217-2532

=========================

Do see :

https://www.fastcompany.com/90253468/water-io-is-building-a-platform-that-presages-the-future-of-consumer-products

https://www.water-io.com/

Following are my past 48 emails ( to our Cabinet Ministers ) on this subject :

Currency Notes for Visually impaired ? …………………………………………………….[ 10 June 2018 ]

#RFID , A breakthrough , at last ? ……………………………………………………………[ 06 June 2018 ]

#ATM running dry ? …………………………………………………………………………… [ 17 April 2018 ]

Back to Square One ? …………………………………………………………………………. [ 17 March 2018 ]

Black Money : Solution at last …………………………………………………………………….[ 14 Jan 2018 ]

8^th Nov : Anti Black Money Day ?.....................................................[ 26 Oct 2017 ]

Reducing Black Money : The Grand Strategy ?................................................[ 26 July 2017 ]

To Catch Black Money , Ask Google ? …………………………………………………………….[ 13 Dec 2016 ]

Conundrum ? Chaos ? Catastrophe ? Cataclysm ? …………………………………… [ 12 Dec 2016 ]

For Want of a Nail ……………………………………………………………………………………………….[ 5 Dec 2016 ]

A Solicited Opinion ?.................................................................................................[ 22 Nov 2016 ]

Chakra Viewh / 2016 AD……………………………………………………………………………………..[ 16 Nov 2016 ]

Embrace the Inevitable……………………………………………………………………………………. ……[ 13 Nov 2016 ]

Oh ! For a Painless Birth………………………………………………………………………………………….[ 12 Nov 2016 ]

One Innovation would have sufficed ! .....................................................................[ 11 Nov 2016 ]

Have A Good Suggestion ? Send it to PM …………………………………………………………….[ 08 Nov 2016 ]

Still , there is Hope …………………………………………………………………………………… ………….. [ 06 Nov 2016 ]

Song / Dance / Retro Step ? ………………………………………………………………………………….[ 21 Oct 2016 ]

Tip of the Iceberg ? …………………………………………………………………………………………………..[ 13 Oct 2016 ]

A Devil's Advocate ? …………………………………………………………………………………………………[ 11 Oct 2016 ]

Shall We Follow or Lead ? ………………………………………………………………………………………..[ 12 Sept 2016 ]

It is a MAD, MAD, MAD, MAD, World ! ……………………………………………………………………[ 28 Aug 2018 ]

1984 was nothing ! ……………………………………………………………………………………………………[ 23 Aug 2016 ]

Help ! please , rescue me ! ……………………………………………………………………………………[ 08 Aug 2016 ]

Needed : A 3 Month Plan for 3 C …………………………………………………………………………..[ 30 July 2016 ]

Silver Lining Vs Missing Perspective ……………………………………………………………………….[ 25 July 2016 ]

Fak - e – Mon ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….[ 17 July 2016 ]

Well Begun is Half Done ! …………………………………………………………………………………………[14 July 2016 ]

The March of Algorithms ……………………………………………………………………………………………..[ 05 July 2016 ]

Wealth of India ? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………[ 08 June 2016 ]

Redesign Banknotes For Black Money Management ……………………………………………[ 20 May 2016 ]

One Small Step for a Man ……………………………………………………………………………………….[ 19 May 2016 ]

Currency Maps of India ? ………………………………………………………………………………………….[ 08 May 2016 ]

Transparency : The Biggest Reform ……………………………………………………………………….[ 01 May 2016 ]

Election Season is Rumour Season …………………………………………………………………………[ 12 April 2016 ]

Oracle has spoken ……………………………………………………………………………… ……………[ 25 Mar 2016 ]

RFID Tagging of Currency / Two Views …………………………………………………………………[ 25 Mar 2016 ]

There is a Simpler Way ! …………………………………………………………………………………………[ 06 Mar 2016 ]

A Tale of Two Tracking ! …………………………………………………………………………………………[ 27 Feb 2016 ]

TRASH the CASH ? …………………………………………………………………………………………………….[ 25 Feb 2016 ]

Does this Ring a Bell ? ………………………………………………………………………………………………[ 17 Feb 2016 ]

FOREVER PROBING ? ……………………………………………………………………………………………….[16 Feb 2016 ]

THIS CANNOT BE TRUE ! ……………………………………………………………………………………………[ 05 Feb 2016 ]

GLOBAL CORRUPTION INDEX …………………………………………………………………………………..[ 28 Jan 2016 ]

GOING CASHLESS ? …………………………………………………………………………………………………….[ 23 Jan 2016 ]

How to conquer Corruption ? ………………………………………………………………………………….[ 21 Dec 2015 ]

THEFTS CAN BE OBSOLETE ! …………………………………………………………………………………..[ 26 Nov 2015 ]

NETWORK OF CURRENCY NOTES ? [ My first E Mail on this subject ]…… ……………[ 03 Nov 2015 ]

Dear Shri Narendrabhai,

Your advantage over Xi Jinping is :

You are a democratically elected popular leader, elected with a clear mandate to root out Corruption and Black Money

Whatever damage the “ De-monetization “ might have caused , here is your chance to undo that , through my suggested “ Re-monetization “

At least , please ask the Science-Technology-Innovation Advisory Council to initiate a discussion on the feasibility of my suggestion by , convening a meeting of the Scientists / Researchers mentioned in this email

22 Oct 2018

www.hemenparekh.in / blogs

============================================================

Added on 05 Feb 2019 :